开发蓝色碳汇助力实现碳中和

蓝色碳汇是自然界重要的碳汇类型之一,发展蓝色碳汇对于国家碳中和及自然资源管理具有现实意义。文章立足蓝色碳汇实际和管理应用,在探讨我国蓝色碳汇的作用机理和价值表现形式基础上,提出对策建议:(1)加强蓝碳监测与核算;(2)推进基于转移支付或补偿金的海洋生态补偿;(3)将蓝碳适度纳入国际碳交易市场;(4)建立持续共赢的蓝碳投融资和收益回报机制;(5)构建蓝碳扩增技术和评估方法体系。     

Are virtual water “flows” in Spanish grain trade consistent with relative water scarcity?

Virtual water adds a new dimension to international trade, and brings along a new perspective about water scarcity and water resource management. Most virtual water literature has focused on quantifying virtual water “flows” and on its application to ensure water and food security. Nevertheless, the analysis of the potential gains from international trade, at least from a water resources perspective, needs to take into account both spatial and temporal variations of blue (groundwater and stream flow) and green (soil moisture) water, as well as the socioeconomic and policy conditions. This paper evaluates whether Spanish international trade with grains is consistent with relative water scarcity. For this purpose, the study estimates the volume and economic value of virtual water “flow” through international grain trade for the period 1997-2005, which includes 3 years with different rainfall levels. The calculations show that Spain is a net virtual water “importer” through international grain trade. The volume of net virtual water “imports” amounts to 3420, 4383 and 8415 million m³ in wet (1997), medium (1999) and dry (2005) years, respectively. Valuing blue water at its shadow price or scarcity value, blue water “exports” oscillate between 0.7 and 34.2 million Euros for a wet and dry year, respectively. Overall, grain trade is apparently consistent with relative water scarcity as net imports increase in dry years. However, the evolution of grain exports, expressed as a variation in quantity and volume, does not match the variations in resource scarcity. A disaggregated crop analysis reveals that there are other factors, such as quality, product specialization or the demand for a standardized product, which also influence trade decisions and are not included in the notion of virtual water. These facts, among others, can therefore create potential distortions in the application of virtual water to the analysis of specific trade patterns. Nevertheless, from a water resources perspective, virtual water can bring important insights across countries for improving water and land management globally, fostering adaptation strategies to climate change and to transboundary resource management.     

钼蓝光度法测定钼铁中磷量的不确定度评定

按照国家标准GB/T5059.6-2007中的方法Ⅱ进行钼铁中磷含量的测定,对测定过程中产生不确定度的原因进行分析,并对测量结果的不确定度进行评定。该方法测定磷量的扩展不确定度U=0.002%,置信区间为95%。     

绿水信贷及其在中国流域生态补偿中的应用

流域生态补偿是生态补偿的重要组成部分。绿水信贷是流域生态补偿的一种形式。介绍了绿水信贷新理念、定量评估技术系统及在肯尼亚、摩洛哥和中国的应用;通过分析绿水信贷与中国流域生态和水资源补偿建设的关系后认为,绿水信贷及其定量评估技术系统可以应用到流域生态和水资源补偿建设实践中。     

山东半岛蓝色经济区科技创新平台运行的保障机制研究

为了全面推进蓝色经济发展战略的实施,需要加强蓝色经济区科技创新平台建设,完善山东半岛蓝色经济区科技创新平台运行保障机制,以优化整合科技资源,提升蓝色经济区科技创新能力。对此,从法律法规、统筹规划、创新文化、人才队伍、网络化发展以及服务体系等方面提出了山东半岛蓝色经济区科技创新平台运行的保障机制建设的研究。     

Out of the blue: mood maintenance hypothesis and seasonal effects on investors’ reaction to news

Contemporary research documents various psychological aspects of economic decision-making. The main goal of our study is to analyse the role of the Mood Maintenance Hypothesis (MMH) in financial markets. MMH refers to people’s tendency to maintain positive mood states, and implies that positive mood is associated with less critical thinking and reduced information processing, yielding three behavioral effects: (i) out of the blue, resulting in stronger negative reactions to bad news during good mood periods, (ii) sunray on a cloudy day, leading to stronger positive reactions to good news during bad mood periods, and (iii) shallow thinking, producing stronger reactions to all kinds of news during good mood periods. Employing daylight duration changes and a measure of onset and recovery from symptoms of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) as proxies for contemporaneous investors’ mood, we test the role of mood in investors’ reactions to analyst recommendation revisions. We find corroborative results, most notably that negative stock price reactions to recommendation downgrades are significantly stronger during daylight increasing periods, and, alternatively, during the periods characterized by low rates of onset and high rates of recovery from SAD. The magnitude of the effect increases in longer event windows.     

浅谈钢的氧化处理

金属腐蚀给国民经济带来的损失是十分惊人的,据统计,全世界大约钢铁年产量的30%都会因腐蚀而报废,在我国,每年因腐蚀而丧失用途的钢铁产品需要的替换量达到了每年钢铁生产的20%,在我们周围的废物堆、废汽车厂随处可见这些腐蚀的后果。本文简要介绍了钢的氧化处理。     

Women,work, and leisure: The days of our lives

Abstract

Utilizing a qualitative research methodology, this study attempts to identify and understand the experience of enjoyment (or lack thereof) within the work and nonwork (i.e., family, leisure) spheres of working women. Specifically, the study attempts to identify the contexts in which professional and blue‐collar women experience flow (Csikszentmihalyi 1975) or its antithesis (i.e., anti‐flow) which can be characterized by boredom, frustration, and anxiety. In addition, the study examines the nature and the meanings of these experiences within the work/nonwork lives of these women.

Findings of this study suggest that professional women tended to experience flow in both work and nonworking settings, while the blue‐collar women tended to experience flow only in their nonwork (i.e., home, leisure) spheres. Both groups experienced some degree of anti‐flow when they performed tasks which were repetitious, tedious, and simplistic, regardless of the setting. While such tasks constituted a very small part of the professional women's jobs, they formed the major part of the blue‐collar women's jobs.     

浅谈青石板人行道铺设出现病害的原因及预防

文章对引起青石板人行道出现病害的原因及其处理预防措施进行了分析和探讨。     

山东半岛蓝色经济区旅游产业布局研究

2011年1月国务院批准设立山东半岛蓝色经济区,标志着山东半岛进入了新的发展阶段,对滨海城市旅游产业提出了更高的要求。本文基于传统产业布局理论,从大旅游观和产业融合的角度,分析评价了山东半岛蓝色经济区旅游产业布局现状,并提出该区旅游产业布局优化模式。